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THE SCIENCE OF STERILIZATION IS UNIVERSAL: DISCUSS.
Posted on July 2, 2011 at 4:10 AM |
Categories: SCHOOL ASSIGNMENTS
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Mark N Mettle
5:53 PM on July 8, 2011
THE SCIENCE OF STERILIZATION IS UNIVERSAL
In order to fully understand the above statement, let us first look at the key words in the statement.
According to the Encarta Dictionary, Science is the study of the physical and natural world and phenomena, especially using systematic observation and experiment. It also defines universal as relating to, affecting or accepted by the whole world or everyone in a group or situation. The central service technician manual(7th edition) also defines Sterilization as the process by which all forms of microbial life including bacteria, viruses, spores and fungi are completely destroyed.
From the above definitions, then we can say “the science of sterilization is universal means the study of the physical and natural process by which all forms of microbial life including bacteria, viruses, spores and fungi are completely destroyed, is accepted by the whole world or everyone in the group (health care industry)”.
Even though the type of facility may vary, the science behind cleaning, disinfection and sterilization does not change, nor does the need for knowledge of medical terms and skills related to the human relations, quality and customer service. The are different work functions when it comes to sterilization like, decontamination, preparation/ packaging / sterilization and sterile storage.
The decontamination area is where all soiled instruments and other items are received from user departments and by physical and chemical process, these soiled items that may be contaminated with harmful microbes, are rendered safe for further handling. It also involves a thorough cleaning process that may be accomplished by manual cleaning and/or with mechanical washers. Everyone who comes in the decontamination area must wear the full personal protective equipment (PPE). When items are safe to handle they are delivered to the preparation and packaging area. Here, the items are inspected for cleanliness, proper function and possible defects. They are assembled into sets and then packaged and labeled in preparation for sterilization. Finally at the sterile storage area, the sterilized items are received, stored and dispensed appropriately. In the sterilization process, you always need one work flow from the contaminated or dirty area to the clean and sterile area. Again, every equipment or instrument that needs to be sterilized must first be cleaned.
Sterilization is done on reusable instruments and equipment and they all follow the basic standards. In addition, clean and sterile instruments are always kept away from the contaminated ones and vice versa. Since, the basic sterilization process never changes, though the facilities might, and after considering all the above, we can conclude that “The science of sterilization is universal”.
In order to fully understand the above statement, let us first look at the key words in the statement.
According to the Encarta Dictionary, Science is the study of the physical and natural world and phenomena, especially using systematic observation and experiment. It also defines universal as relating to, affecting or accepted by the whole world or everyone in a group or situation. The central service technician manual(7th edition) also defines Sterilization as the process by which all forms of microbial life including bacteria, viruses, spores and fungi are completely destroyed.
From the above definitions, then we can say “the science of sterilization is universal means the study of the physical and natural process by which all forms of microbial life including bacteria, viruses, spores and fungi are completely destroyed, is accepted by the whole world or everyone in the group (health care industry)”.
Even though the type of facility may vary, the science behind cleaning, disinfection and sterilization does not change, nor does the need for knowledge of medical terms and skills related to the human relations, quality and customer service. The are different work functions when it comes to sterilization like, decontamination, preparation/ packaging / sterilization and sterile storage.
The decontamination area is where all soiled instruments and other items are received from user departments and by physical and chemical process, these soiled items that may be contaminated with harmful microbes, are rendered safe for further handling. It also involves a thorough cleaning process that may be accomplished by manual cleaning and/or with mechanical washers. Everyone who comes in the decontamination area must wear the full personal protective equipment (PPE). When items are safe to handle they are delivered to the preparation and packaging area. Here, the items are inspected for cleanliness, proper function and possible defects. They are assembled into sets and then packaged and labeled in preparation for sterilization. Finally at the sterile storage area, the sterilized items are received, stored and dispensed appropriately. In the sterilization process, you always need one work flow from the contaminated or dirty area to the clean and sterile area. Again, every equipment or instrument that needs to be sterilized must first be cleaned.
Sterilization is done on reusable instruments and equipment and they all follow the basic standards. In addition, clean and sterile instruments are always kept away from the contaminated ones and vice versa. Since, the basic sterilization process never changes, though the facilities might, and after considering all the above, we can conclude that “The science of sterilization is universal”.

Reply
MCS
9:35 PM on July 8, 2011
Mark N Mettle says...
THE SCIENCE OF STERILIZATION IS UNIVERSAL
In order to fully understand the above statement, let us first look at the key words in the statement.
According to the Encarta Dictionary, Science is the study of the physical and natural world and phenomena, especially using systematic observation and experiment. It also defines universal as relating to, affecting or accepted by the whole world or everyone in a group or situation. The central service technician manual(7th edition) also defines Sterilization as the process by which all forms of microbial life including bacteria, viruses, spores and fungi are completely destroyed.
From the above definitions, then we can say “the science of sterilization is universal means the study of the physical and natural process by which all forms of microbial life including bacteria, viruses, spores and fungi are completely destroyed, is accepted by the whole world or everyone in the group (health care industry)”.
Even though the type of facility may vary, the science behind cleaning, disinfection and sterilization does not change, nor does the need for knowledge of medical terms and skills related to the human relations, quality and customer service. The are different work functions when it comes to sterilization like, decontamination, preparation/ packaging / sterilization and sterile storage.
The decontamination area is where all soiled instruments and other items are received from user departments and by physical and chemical process, these soiled items that may be contaminated with harmful microbes, are rendered safe for further handling. It also involves a thorough cleaning process that may be accomplished by manual cleaning and/or with mechanical washers. Everyone who comes in the decontamination area must wear the full personal protective equipment (PPE). When items are safe to handle they are delivered to the preparation and packaging area. Here, the items are inspected for cleanliness, proper function and possible defects. They are assembled into sets and then packaged and labeled in preparation for sterilization. Finally at the sterile storage area, the sterilized items are received, stored and dispensed appropriately. In the sterilization process, you always need one work flow from the contaminated or dirty area to the clean and sterile area. Again, every equipment or instrument that needs to be sterilized must first be cleaned.
Sterilization is done on reusable instruments and equipment and they all follow the basic standards. In addition, clean and sterile instruments are always kept away from the contaminated ones and vice versa. Since, the basic sterilization process never changes, though the facilities might, and after considering all the above, we can conclude that “The science of sterilization is universal”.
Excellent work.

Reply
Ivan
12:25 AM on July 9, 2011
The department of Central sterile Service is one of 1st line of defense in preventing secondary infections and promoting asepsis .Breaking the chain of infection whether bacterial , viral ,or fungal is the core principal task of central sterile technician .Sterility is strictly monitored by mechanical, chemical and biological methods for quality assurance in accordance with AAMI, AORN, JOINT COMMISSION and ANSI reconmended standrds for steam ,eto,ozone , or gas plasma .In addition we must make sure that we have enough supplies to handle the demands of our customers like OR,AMBULATORY ,ETC.

Reply
MCS
3:59 AM on July 9, 2011
Ivan says...
The department of Central sterile Service is one of 1st line of defense in preventing secondary infections and promoting asepsis .Breaking the chain of infection whether bacterial , viral ,or fungal is the core principal task of central sterile technician .Sterility is strictly monitored by mechanical, chemical and biological methods for quality assurance in accordance with AAMI, AORN, JOINT COMMISSION and ANSI reconmended standrds for steam ,eto,ozone , or gas plasma .In addition we must make sure that we have enough supplies to handle the demands of our customers like OR,AMBULATORY ,ETC.
Good contribution.

Reply
STANLEY.E.O
5:41 PM on July 10, 2011
THE SCIENCE OF STERILIZATION IS UNIVERSAL: In order to understand this statement, we must understand and know the meaning of the words STERILIZATION and UNIVERSALITY. The Dictionary, defines universal as any theory or standard accepted by the whole world or everyone in a group or situation, it also defines sterilization as the state of being sterile, but in this case of study, we will use the definition from The central service technician manual (7th edition), which defines Sterilization as the process by which all forms of microbial life including bacteria, viruses, spores and fungi are completely destroyed. From this definition, we could say “the science of sterilization is universal means the study of the physical and natural process by which all forms of microbial life are completely destroyed, is accepted by health care facilities.
However, with my above statement, and comment from my other student colleges, I would like to say I disagree with the statement that the science of sterilization is universal…in one of the comment, which state that sterilization is universal because it is accepted by all health facilities and all process of sterilization are the same. But its stated in the CRCST manual(7th edition),chapter 23.pages 460 made it clear that the VETERANS ADMINISTRATION(VA) which is also a healthcare facility has its own Practice and standards which differs from other healthcare facilities, also its certification differ from other facilities.
Furthermore, most practice in which the VA differs from healthcare facilities sterilization process includes; third party reprocessors, which are not used by the VA but by other facilities. VA facilities use the services of VA if additional sterilization must be performed.
With this, I conclude that the science of sterilization is not universal.
However, with my above statement, and comment from my other student colleges, I would like to say I disagree with the statement that the science of sterilization is universal…in one of the comment, which state that sterilization is universal because it is accepted by all health facilities and all process of sterilization are the same. But its stated in the CRCST manual(7th edition),chapter 23.pages 460 made it clear that the VETERANS ADMINISTRATION(VA) which is also a healthcare facility has its own Practice and standards which differs from other healthcare facilities, also its certification differ from other facilities.
Furthermore, most practice in which the VA differs from healthcare facilities sterilization process includes; third party reprocessors, which are not used by the VA but by other facilities. VA facilities use the services of VA if additional sterilization must be performed.
With this, I conclude that the science of sterilization is not universal.

Reply
ROBERT KANNIATEY WEITTEY
11:28 PM on July 10, 2011
SCIENCE is study of living and non-living things through experimentation, observation and analyzing, passing through laboratory instruments. Science of sterilization is define as the processes undergone to attain prevention or elimination of microbial live including spores from healthcare delivery instruments, devices and equipment.
This is achieved by; cleaning, decontamination, preparation, packaging, sterilization, sterile storage and distribution. STERILIZATION is a process whereby all microbial lives including spores are completely killed. Alternatively, IS THE ACT of abiding by all laid down principles and procedures (protocols) to maintaining asepsis to the expectation of both the internal and external customers. UNIVERSAL is the standardized practices acceptable everywhere (clinics, dental, ASCs, third party, OR, etc.) healthcare reusable equipment are reprocessed.
BODY.
As the science goes so do the various establishments such as OR, clinics, ASCs etc. The gross soiled instruments undergo pre cleaning at the point of use. Further cleaning and decontamination is continued in the decontamination area of central service department in a standardized cleaning method. The optimal water temperature is between 109 Deg.F-140Deg.F. The room temperature, air exchange and humidity are all monitored. The equipment is either manually or mechanically cleaned per instruments manufacturers’ recommendations. Appropriate germicidal detergents or disinfectants are used.
PREPARATION AND PACKAGING is carried out accordingly in a universally acceptable manner. Packaged items are loaded to maintain and allow sterilant penetration and enhance drying of trays.
All THREE CONDITIONS necessary for sterility assurance (BIs, CIs and PHYSICAL MONITORs) must be in place. Before, during and after sterilization, technicians must continuously monitor mechanical indicator for effective temperature, pressure and time outcomes before releasing the loads. After the sterilization, process challenge devices are tested for sterility assurance.
IN CONCLUSION, all these principles and procedures (PROTOCOLS) are universally (clinics, dentals, third party, ASCs, ORs, VA and Instruments manufacturers) binding practices.
This is achieved by; cleaning, decontamination, preparation, packaging, sterilization, sterile storage and distribution. STERILIZATION is a process whereby all microbial lives including spores are completely killed. Alternatively, IS THE ACT of abiding by all laid down principles and procedures (protocols) to maintaining asepsis to the expectation of both the internal and external customers. UNIVERSAL is the standardized practices acceptable everywhere (clinics, dental, ASCs, third party, OR, etc.) healthcare reusable equipment are reprocessed.
BODY.
As the science goes so do the various establishments such as OR, clinics, ASCs etc. The gross soiled instruments undergo pre cleaning at the point of use. Further cleaning and decontamination is continued in the decontamination area of central service department in a standardized cleaning method. The optimal water temperature is between 109 Deg.F-140Deg.F. The room temperature, air exchange and humidity are all monitored. The equipment is either manually or mechanically cleaned per instruments manufacturers’ recommendations. Appropriate germicidal detergents or disinfectants are used.
PREPARATION AND PACKAGING is carried out accordingly in a universally acceptable manner. Packaged items are loaded to maintain and allow sterilant penetration and enhance drying of trays.
All THREE CONDITIONS necessary for sterility assurance (BIs, CIs and PHYSICAL MONITORs) must be in place. Before, during and after sterilization, technicians must continuously monitor mechanical indicator for effective temperature, pressure and time outcomes before releasing the loads. After the sterilization, process challenge devices are tested for sterility assurance.
IN CONCLUSION, all these principles and procedures (PROTOCOLS) are universally (clinics, dentals, third party, ASCs, ORs, VA and Instruments manufacturers) binding practices.

Reply
MCS
3:16 AM on July 11, 2011
ROBERT KANNIATEY WEITTEY says...
SCIENCE is study of living and non-living things through experimentation, observation and analyzing, passing through laboratory instruments. Science of sterilization is define as the processes undergone to attain prevention or elimination of microbial live including spores from healthcare delivery instruments, devices and equipment.
This is achieved by; cleaning, decontamination, preparation, packaging, sterilization, sterile storage and distribution. STERILIZATION is a process whereby all microbial lives including spores are completely killed. Alternatively, IS THE ACT of abiding by all laid down principles and procedures (protocols) to maintaining asepsis to the expectation of both the internal and external customers. UNIVERSAL is the standardized practices acceptable everywhere (clinics, dental, ASCs, third party, OR, etc.) healthcare reusable equipment are reprocessed.
BODY.
As the science goes so do the various establishments such as OR, clinics, ASCs etc. The gross soiled instruments undergo pre cleaning at the point of use. Further cleaning and decontamination is continued in the decontamination area of central service department in a standardized cleaning method. The optimal water temperature is between 109 Deg.F-140Deg.F. The room temperature, air exchange and humidity are all monitored. The equipment is either manually or mechanically cleaned per instruments manufacturers’ recommendations. Appropriate germicidal detergents or disinfectants are used.
PREPARATION AND PACKAGING is carried out accordingly in a universally acceptable manner. Packaged items are loaded to maintain and allow sterilant penetration and enhance drying of trays.
All THREE CONDITIONS necessary for sterility assurance (BIs, CIs and PHYSICAL MONITORs) must be in place. Before, during and after sterilization, technicians must continuously monitor mechanical indicator for effective temperature, pressure and time outcomes before releasing the loads. After the sterilization, process challenge devices are tested for sterility assurance.
IN CONCLUSION, all these principles and procedures (PROTOCOLS) are universally (clinics, dentals, third party, ASCs, ORs, VA and Instruments manufacturers) binding practices.
Great piece! Keep up the good work.

Reply
Gloria
3:35 AM on July 11, 2011
The importance of providing quality and performing what is required to service health facilities is universal. Although the need for Central Service Technicians will continue to grow globally, the science of sterile processing remains the same. The standards and recommended practices that (AAMI) provides makes it a universal science. This class not only helped me learn the essentials of becoming a Central Service Technician, but also opened up my eyes to the various opportunities within the medical industry. The opportunity to grow as a Central Service Technician is endless, and inspires me to keep climbing the ladder. The most important step to sterile processing is to stop an infection from occurring. The ultimate goal is to help patients go through a speedy recovery without any possible complications of the spread of infection, due to not implementing the proper sterilization methods.

Reply
MCS
4:23 AM on July 11, 2011
STANLEY.E.O says...
THE SCIENCE OF STERILIZATION IS UNIVERSAL: In order to understand this statement, we must understand and know the meaning of the words STERILIZATION and UNIVERSALITY. The Dictionary, defines universal as any theory or standard accepted by the whole world or everyone in a group or situation, it also defines sterilization as the state of being sterile, but in this case of study, we will use the definition from The central service technician manual (7th edition), which defines Sterilization as the process by which all forms of microbial life including bacteria, viruses, spores and fungi are completely destroyed. From this definition, we could say “the science of sterilization is universal means the study of the physical and natural process by which all forms of microbial life are completely destroyed, is accepted by health care facilities.
However, with my above statement, and comment from my other student colleges, I would like to say I disagree with the statement that the science of sterilization is universal…in one of the comment, which state that sterilization is universal because it is accepted by all health facilities and all process of sterilization are the same. But its stated in the CRCST manual(7th edition),chapter 23.pages 460 made it clear that the VETERANS ADMINISTRATION(VA) which is also a healthcare facility has its own Practice and standards which differs from other healthcare facilities, also its certification differ from other facilities.
Furthermore, most practice in which the VA differs from healthcare facilities sterilization process includes; third party reprocessors, which are not used by the VA but by other facilities. VA facilities use the services of VA if additional sterilization must be performed.
With this, I conclude that the science of sterilization is not universal.
The where (location) may differ. The how reusable and single use devices are sterilized is standardized.

Reply
MCS
5:17 AM on July 11, 2011
Gloria says...
The importance of providing quality and performing what is required to service health facilities is universal. Although the need for Central Service Technicians will continue to grow globally, the science of sterile processing remains the same. The standards and recommended practices that (AAMI) provides makes it a universal science. This class not only helped me learn the essentials of becoming a Central Service Technician, but also opened up my eyes to the various opportunities within the medical industry. The opportunity to grow as a Central Service Technician is endless, and inspires me to keep climbing the ladder. The most important step to sterile processing is to stop an infection from occurring. The ultimate goal is to help patients go through a speedy recovery without any possible complications of the spread of infection, due to not implementing the proper sterilization methods.
Good piece.

Reply
Luc Jean philippe
2:23 PM on July 12, 2011
To understand how the science of sterilization is universal we must first know what is sterilization. Sterilization is the process by which all forms of microbial life including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores are completely destroyed. With that said, there are certain guidelines and standards that must be followed when working in central service. These guidelines are set up by governmental and professional agencies, that provide regulatory,and voluntary recommended practices. We have the FDA,which is a governmental agency that regulates sterilants, provides pre and post market requirements, and medical recalls. We also have AAMiI, a professional agency that provides standards on how instruments are reprocessed. This science is universal because these are practices that are done all over the world to maintain a state of asepsis. These are practiced because they work, and not following these guidelines could lead to serious infections including death. Working in central one must follow the universal ways of sterilizing.

Reply
MCS
9:49 PM on July 14, 2011
Luc Jean philippe says...
To understand how the science of sterilization is universal we must first know what is sterilization. Sterilization is the process by which all forms of microbial life including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores are completely destroyed. With that said, there are certain guidelines and standards that must be followed when working in central service. These guidelines are set up by governmental and professional agencies, that provide regulatory,and voluntary recommended practices. We have the FDA,which is a governmental agency that regulates sterilants, provides pre and post market requirements, and medical recalls. We also have AAMiI, a professional agency that provides standards on how instruments are reprocessed. This science is universal because these are practices that are done all over the world to maintain a state of asepsis. These are practiced because they work, and not following these guidelines could lead to serious infections including death. Working in central one must follow the universal ways of sterilizing.
Thanks for your contribution.

Reply
JOHNSON S. ASASE
11:23 PM on July 24, 2011
THE SCIENCE OF STERILIZATION IS UNIVERSAL: DISCUSS.
Science, as defined by the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary is "organized knowledge, especially when obtained by observation and testing of facts, about the physical world, national laws and society."
The same dictionary states that universal is "belonging to, affecting or done by all people or things in the world or in a particular group."
According to the Central Service Technician Manual, Seventh Edition, sterilization is “a process by which all forms of microbial life, including bacteria, viruses, spores and fungi are completely destroyed." Central Service Technicians [CRCSTs} function in different work settings or facilities, such as hospitals, dental clinics, Ambulatory surgery centers {ASCs}, veterinary hospitals. They also service device manufacturers who require sterile processing skills. In these facilities, trained, experienced and dedicated CRCSTs, knowledgeable in sterile assurance must be on hand to insure the safe processing of devices in between uses. For Technicians in charge of decontamination, cleaning, packaging/storage, and sterilization, the primary goal of all of their responsibilities is to prevent or stop the spread of disease-producing microorganisms in the healthcare facility. The reasoning here is that, regardless where the CRCST works - hospital, ASC, satellite processing unit, the "science of cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization does not change." Nor should the goal of providing quality patient care fall short than expected by regulatory and recommended standard guidelines for best patient outcomes. Neither should sound knowledge of infection control protocols, and medical/surgical asepsis practices be compromised whatsoever.
Standardized procedures must be employed, at all times, to physically, and or chemically decontaminate instrumentation. CRCSTs must also adopt the directives set out by organizations such as AAMI; conform to guidelines of AORN, SGNA in handling complex devices. Hand hygiene must be performed regularly, and Universal Precautions such as donning of proper PPE by OSHA guidelines must be adhered to.
Most importantly, CRCSTs ought to use their knowledge to inspect incoming devices, and determine the cleaning method by which to process equipment based on the OEM’s cleaning parameters, and rid them of contaminants and microbes to make them safe for handling at the preparation and packaging area.
At the preparation and packaging area, devices are assembled after being inspected for functionality, and labeled for sterilization.
Added to the above, it is critical that CRCSTs adhere to protocol and established standards, use recommended sterilants and disinfectants in the right amounts, and not short- circuit exposure cycles. The inclusion of the appropriate biological and chemical indicators is standard, and physical monitoring before sterile loads are released is the general recommendation.
Following manufacturer’s recommendations, keeping accurate records for disinfection and sterilization as a tracking method in case of lapses, are best practices.
To function effectively in Central Sterile processing industry, one requires consistency, thoroughness, paying attention to details, and the need to follow instructions. Haphazard and sub-standard work practices negate the goal of infection control and disease prevention.
By maintaining uniform practice standards, whether in Columbia Hospital, Massachusetts General or Mayo Clinic, one cannot but agree, in view of the foregoing, that the science of sterilization indeed, is universal.
Science, as defined by the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary is "organized knowledge, especially when obtained by observation and testing of facts, about the physical world, national laws and society."
The same dictionary states that universal is "belonging to, affecting or done by all people or things in the world or in a particular group."
According to the Central Service Technician Manual, Seventh Edition, sterilization is “a process by which all forms of microbial life, including bacteria, viruses, spores and fungi are completely destroyed." Central Service Technicians [CRCSTs} function in different work settings or facilities, such as hospitals, dental clinics, Ambulatory surgery centers {ASCs}, veterinary hospitals. They also service device manufacturers who require sterile processing skills. In these facilities, trained, experienced and dedicated CRCSTs, knowledgeable in sterile assurance must be on hand to insure the safe processing of devices in between uses. For Technicians in charge of decontamination, cleaning, packaging/storage, and sterilization, the primary goal of all of their responsibilities is to prevent or stop the spread of disease-producing microorganisms in the healthcare facility. The reasoning here is that, regardless where the CRCST works - hospital, ASC, satellite processing unit, the "science of cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization does not change." Nor should the goal of providing quality patient care fall short than expected by regulatory and recommended standard guidelines for best patient outcomes. Neither should sound knowledge of infection control protocols, and medical/surgical asepsis practices be compromised whatsoever.
Standardized procedures must be employed, at all times, to physically, and or chemically decontaminate instrumentation. CRCSTs must also adopt the directives set out by organizations such as AAMI; conform to guidelines of AORN, SGNA in handling complex devices. Hand hygiene must be performed regularly, and Universal Precautions such as donning of proper PPE by OSHA guidelines must be adhered to.
Most importantly, CRCSTs ought to use their knowledge to inspect incoming devices, and determine the cleaning method by which to process equipment based on the OEM’s cleaning parameters, and rid them of contaminants and microbes to make them safe for handling at the preparation and packaging area.
At the preparation and packaging area, devices are assembled after being inspected for functionality, and labeled for sterilization.
Added to the above, it is critical that CRCSTs adhere to protocol and established standards, use recommended sterilants and disinfectants in the right amounts, and not short- circuit exposure cycles. The inclusion of the appropriate biological and chemical indicators is standard, and physical monitoring before sterile loads are released is the general recommendation.
Following manufacturer’s recommendations, keeping accurate records for disinfection and sterilization as a tracking method in case of lapses, are best practices.
To function effectively in Central Sterile processing industry, one requires consistency, thoroughness, paying attention to details, and the need to follow instructions. Haphazard and sub-standard work practices negate the goal of infection control and disease prevention.
By maintaining uniform practice standards, whether in Columbia Hospital, Massachusetts General or Mayo Clinic, one cannot but agree, in view of the foregoing, that the science of sterilization indeed, is universal.

Reply
MCS
4:51 AM on July 25, 2011
You are one accomplished great leader. Your dedication and drive for excellence will take you places. You did accredited research and your write up is very detailed and well elaborate. Keep up the great excellent work.

Reply
ISAAC OTOO-MENSAH
2:20 AM on October 16, 2011
THE SCIENCE STERILIZATION IS UNIVERSAL: DISCUSS
Beginning by defining science, (The Merriam Webster Dictionary-New Edition): defines it as “an area of knowledge that is an object of study; with reference to natural science, it is a knowledge covering general truths or the operation of general laws especially as obtained and tested through the scientific method.” This involves observation, collection of data, examination of facts, and formulation of hypothesis upon which predictions are made and laws established.
For the purpose of this discussion, it is worthy to note the principle that, sterility is an absolute term-that means absence of all forms of life. The term sterilization could be described as a process aimed at removing or killing all forms of microbial life including transmission agents such as viruses, bacterial, fungi, and spore forms, which are present on surfaces. (Central Service Technical Manual-Seventh Edition). In some cases, it includes those contained in fluids, in medication or in a compound such as biological culture media. The term has emerged to include disabling or deactivating infectious proteins such as prions. There are basically five methods of sterilization: Heat, Gas, Radiation, Liquid Chemical, and Filtration. Hence, sterilization could be achieved by the right combination of any of these methods. In order to argue that sterilization is a universal science, the following premises must be established: Is sterilization applicable to every aspect of life? Does it exist everywhere?, and is the practice worldwide accepted? Universality of the Science of Sterilization stems from the fact that the need for expert Certified Registered Central Service Technicians (CRCST) is highly indispensable in almost all walks of life. These professionals with knowledge in sterile processing are found in device manufacturing firms, some serve in Dental Clinics, Ambulatory Surgery Centers, Veterinary Hospitals, and General Hospitals. The science of sterilization could be described as universal due to its diverse areas of application. Thus, sterilization is seen in the Food Processing Industry, Water and Waste Water Industry, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry. It is even more shocking to realize that the term is also uncommon in the area of Architecture, Automotive, Civil Engineering, Semi-Conductor Industry, Steel Industry, Glass Industry, Turbo machinery as well as Movie and Computer Graphics Industry. Highlighting but few, equipment in Chemical and pharmaceutical industry is found mostly in research centers or production areas. Steam sterilizers are used for sterilization cycles required by chemical and pharmaceutical industries. This moisture heat sterilization is the most efficient biocide agent in the pharmaceutical industry; for surgical dressing, sheets, surgical and diagnostic equipment, containers, aqueous injections, ophthalmic preparations, Irrigation fluids etcetera. Hospitals; uses sterilizing equipment, autoclaves are used primarily for sterilization of everything that is used to penetrate a sterile cavity, everything that penetrate the body such as needles, instrument and everything that must be absolutely germ free.
For instance feeding bottles, serum, infusions and so on. Laboratory Animals; are regarded as pure creatures and must be protected from humans as carriers of germs. This is why in general, these animal are found almost in sterile rooms or sterile laboratories. Their food as well as water boxes, straw must be introduced in these rooms through sterile channels in order to feed and look after these animals. This normally takes place through sterilization autoclave. In this way everything that the animals need is sterile. Agriculture Industry; the term sterilization can be interchanged with other terms given the area it is being applied. Pasteurization takes place mainly in the agro-industry. The conditions here are different, yet the idea is no different from sterilization, but sterilization as a term is seldom used. Here the goal is not to have absolute sterile product, but a degree of clean product at the end of the treatment by eliminating potentially dangerous bacterial. From the aforementioned, the science of sterilization is therefore undeniably universal.
BY: ISAAC.
Beginning by defining science, (The Merriam Webster Dictionary-New Edition): defines it as “an area of knowledge that is an object of study; with reference to natural science, it is a knowledge covering general truths or the operation of general laws especially as obtained and tested through the scientific method.” This involves observation, collection of data, examination of facts, and formulation of hypothesis upon which predictions are made and laws established.
For the purpose of this discussion, it is worthy to note the principle that, sterility is an absolute term-that means absence of all forms of life. The term sterilization could be described as a process aimed at removing or killing all forms of microbial life including transmission agents such as viruses, bacterial, fungi, and spore forms, which are present on surfaces. (Central Service Technical Manual-Seventh Edition). In some cases, it includes those contained in fluids, in medication or in a compound such as biological culture media. The term has emerged to include disabling or deactivating infectious proteins such as prions. There are basically five methods of sterilization: Heat, Gas, Radiation, Liquid Chemical, and Filtration. Hence, sterilization could be achieved by the right combination of any of these methods. In order to argue that sterilization is a universal science, the following premises must be established: Is sterilization applicable to every aspect of life? Does it exist everywhere?, and is the practice worldwide accepted? Universality of the Science of Sterilization stems from the fact that the need for expert Certified Registered Central Service Technicians (CRCST) is highly indispensable in almost all walks of life. These professionals with knowledge in sterile processing are found in device manufacturing firms, some serve in Dental Clinics, Ambulatory Surgery Centers, Veterinary Hospitals, and General Hospitals. The science of sterilization could be described as universal due to its diverse areas of application. Thus, sterilization is seen in the Food Processing Industry, Water and Waste Water Industry, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry. It is even more shocking to realize that the term is also uncommon in the area of Architecture, Automotive, Civil Engineering, Semi-Conductor Industry, Steel Industry, Glass Industry, Turbo machinery as well as Movie and Computer Graphics Industry. Highlighting but few, equipment in Chemical and pharmaceutical industry is found mostly in research centers or production areas. Steam sterilizers are used for sterilization cycles required by chemical and pharmaceutical industries. This moisture heat sterilization is the most efficient biocide agent in the pharmaceutical industry; for surgical dressing, sheets, surgical and diagnostic equipment, containers, aqueous injections, ophthalmic preparations, Irrigation fluids etcetera. Hospitals; uses sterilizing equipment, autoclaves are used primarily for sterilization of everything that is used to penetrate a sterile cavity, everything that penetrate the body such as needles, instrument and everything that must be absolutely germ free.
For instance feeding bottles, serum, infusions and so on. Laboratory Animals; are regarded as pure creatures and must be protected from humans as carriers of germs. This is why in general, these animal are found almost in sterile rooms or sterile laboratories. Their food as well as water boxes, straw must be introduced in these rooms through sterile channels in order to feed and look after these animals. This normally takes place through sterilization autoclave. In this way everything that the animals need is sterile. Agriculture Industry; the term sterilization can be interchanged with other terms given the area it is being applied. Pasteurization takes place mainly in the agro-industry. The conditions here are different, yet the idea is no different from sterilization, but sterilization as a term is seldom used. Here the goal is not to have absolute sterile product, but a degree of clean product at the end of the treatment by eliminating potentially dangerous bacterial. From the aforementioned, the science of sterilization is therefore undeniably universal.
BY: ISAAC.

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Associate Degree Social Studies
6:01 AM on April 22, 2013
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